Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy profile

Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy belongs to the genus Pharbitis in the Convolvulaceae family, an annual twining herb. The flower of this plant resembles a trumpet, so it is called trumpet flower in some places. In addition to cultivation for ornamental purposes, the seeds are commonly used Chinese medicines. Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy has diarrhea, diuresis, phlegm removal, and insecticidal effects. Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy is generally sown in spring and blooms in summer and autumn. There are many varieties of flowers. The colors of the flowers are blue, crimson, pink, purple, etc., and there are also mixed colors. The petals have more changes in the edges. They are common ornamental plants. The fruit is ovoid and can be used as medicine. Morning glory leaves three-lobed, heart-shaped at the base. The flowers are white, purple-red or purple-blue, funnel-shaped, and the whole plant has coarse hairs. Flowering season is most prosperous in summer. The seeds have medicinal value.

Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy picture

Morphological characteristics of Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy

Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy is an annual twining herb. The stem is pubescent and mixed with backward or spreading long bristles. Leaf broadly ovate or nearly round, deep or shallow 3-lobed, even 5-lobed, 4-15 cm long, 4.5-14 cm wide, base round, heart-shaped, middle lobes oblong or ovoid, acuminate Or sharply pointed, short side lobes, triangular, sharp or rounded, leaf surface or sparse or densely covered with slightly stiff pilose; petiole is 2-15 cm long, hair is the same as stem. The flower is axillary,single or usually 2 stalks born on top of peduncle, peduncle varies in length, 1.5-18.5 cm long, usually shorter than petiole, sometimes longer, hair is the same stem; bracts are linear or leaf-like, expanded The peduncle is 2-7 mm long; the bracteoles are linear; the sepals are nearly equal in length, 2-2.5 cm long, lanceolate linear, with 2 narrower inner surfaces, and expanded bristles on the outside, denser at the base, sometimes Also mixed with pubescence; corolla funnel-shaped, 5-8 cm long, blue-purple or purple-red, corolla tube light in color; stamens and styles are hidden; stamens are not equal in length; filament base is pilose; ovary glabrous, Stigma capitate.

The capsule is nearly spherical, 0.8-1.3 cm in diameter, and 3-valved. The seeds are ovate and triangular, about 6 mm long, dark brown or beige, with brown short hairs

The growth environment of Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy

Born in hillside shrubs at an altitude of 100-200 (-1600) meters, dry river valley roadsides, garden side houses, mountain roadsides, or for cultivation.

It has strong compliance, likes sunshine, and can tolerate half shade. Likes to be warm and cool, but also resistant to heat and high temperature, but not cold and afraid of frost. It likes the plump and loose soil pile, can tolerate water, humidity and drought, and is more resistant to salt and alkali. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 18-23℃, and the seedling can grow at a temperature above 10℃.

Distribution range of Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy

Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy is distributed in most areas of China except some provinces in the northwest and northeast. This species is native to tropical America and is now widely planted in tropical and subtropical regions.

Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy's reproduction method 

sowing

Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy has different maturity periods and is easy to crack after maturity. It should be picked as it matures. If it is harvested and placed indoors to dry in the shade. After cracking, the seeds are taken out and stored in a cool and dry place. In the warm areas of the south of the Yangtze River, you can sow in multiple seasons and view flowers for a long time, but spring flowers in autumn and summer flowers in spring are the main ones. Early flowering in the northern region, spring sown seedlings can be sown in greenhouses or greenhouses, the number of days for seedlings is 35-45 days. Because the morning glory seeds have a hard shell, the seed coat is cut before sowing, or the seeds are soaked for 24 hours, and then sowed; or after soaking, they are placed in an environment of 20-25°C for accelerating germination and sowing after germination. The above-mentioned processed seeds all emerge faster and uniformly than those directly sown. Morning glory seeds are large, but the germination rate is not high. Therefore, the ordinary open field adopts the on-demand method, sowing 3-5 seeds each time, and then thinning after emergence. The accelerated germination can be directly sown in the container after germination, and the seedling can be cultivated directly in a container with a diameter of 7-8 cm, and each container is sown with 1 germinated seed. The seedbed is withdrawn, and the seeding amount per square meter is 200-250 grams. The thickness of the overburden is about 2 cm, and it should not be too thin, otherwise it is easy to unearth with a cap. Seeds are sown directly without treatment, and seedlings emerge in 7-8 days under suitable conditions.

The sowed seedlings are moved into the container as soon as possible after emergence. Cool the seedlings 5-7 days before planting, and plant them in the open field after the final frost. Morning glory has a deep root system, so it is better to broadcast live without transplanting if conditions permit. 

Layering

Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy can also stop the layering to raise seedlings, press the vine node buds into the soil, and cut the roots for planting.

The main value of Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy

In addition to being cultivated for viewing, the seeds of pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy are commonly used Chinese medicines, named Chou Niuzi (Yunnan), Black Chou, Bai Chou, Er Chou (mixed black and white seeds). use less. It has diarrhea, diuresis, phlegm removal, and insecticidal effects.