Purple flower violet profile

Purple flower Violet, scientific name Viola philippica, a perennial herbaceous, is a lateral membrane of the order, Viola family perennial herbaceous, no stems, 4~14cm high. The lower part of the leaf is triangular ovoid or narrow ovoid, the upper part of the longer, was oblong, narrow ovoid lanceolate or oblong ovoid, medium large flowers, violet violet or lilac, thin white, throat color lighter and with purple stripes; Capsule of Purple Flower Violet is oblong, 5~12mm long, seed ovoid, 1.8mm long, light yellow.

Purple flower violet picture

Morphological characteristics of Purple flower violet

Rhizome

Purpleflower Violet is a perennial herb, without an above ground stem, 4 -- 14 cm tall, fruit up to more than 20 cm. The Rhizome of Purple Flower Violet is short, vertical, pale brown, 4 -- 13 mm long, 2 -- 7 mm thick, nodal, with several pale brown or nearly white rootlets.

Leaf

Leaves of Purple Flower Violet are numerous, basal, rosette of Purple Flower Violet; Lower blades are usually small, triangular in shape ovate or ovate, upper part is longer, the long, narrow lanceolate oval or oblong-elliptic, ovoid, 1.5 4 cm long, 0.5 1 cm wide, apex obtuse, base cross-sectional shape or cuneate, dilute slightly cordate, margin is flat circular tooth, two sides glabrous or be fine undercoat, sometimes pubescent only along veins under MAO, fruiting blade increases, can reach more than 10 cm long, up to 4 cm wide; Petiole of Purple Flower Violet is usually 1 to 2 times longer than leaf at anthesis, with very narrow wings distally, up to 10 cm long at fruit stage, with wider wings distally, glabrous or with fine short hairs; Stipules are membranous, pale or pale green, 1.5-2.5 cm long, 2/3-4/5 connate with petiole, free part linear-lanceolate, margin sparsely fimbriate with glandular serrates or sub entire.

Flowers

The flowers of Purple Flower Violet are medium large, Violet or lavender, sparsely white, and have pale throats with purple streaks; Pedicels are usually mostly thin, as long as or above leaf blade, glabrous or short hairy, with 2 linear bracteoles near middle; Sepals of Purple Flower Violet are ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 5 -- 7 mm long, apex acuminate, base appendages short, 1 -- 1.5 mm long, terminal rounded or truncate, margin membranous white, glabrous or short hairy; Petals are ovate or oblong-ovate, lateral petals long, 1-1.2 cm, glabrous or hairy inside, lower petals spaced 1.3 -- 2 cm long, with purple veins inside; Spur of Purple Flower Violet is finely tubular, 4-8 mm long, terminal rounded; Anthers ca. 2 mm, apical appendage ca. 1.5 mm, dorsal spur of 2 stamens below finely tubular, 4-6 mm long, terminal slightly slender; Ovary is ovate, glabrous, style clavate, slightly longer than ovary, base slightly geniculate, stigma triangular, laterally and posteriorly thickened into slightly raised margin, apically slightly flat, anterior with a short bill.

Fruit

Capsule of Purple Flower Violet is oblong, 5-12 mm long, glabrous;Seeds ovoid, 1.8 mm long, yellowish.

The flowering season of Purpleflower Violet is from mid - to late spring to autumn.

Ecological habits of Purple Flower Violet

Purple Flower Violet or light, happy event is wet environment, shade-tolerance is hardy, don't choose the soil, strong adaptability, easy to reproduce, and to live, in early march to be commonly, flowering in mid-march and mid-may, coated 25 days or so, single flower bloom for 6 days, flowering to mature seeds for 30 days, in the middle of springto may have a lot of atresia flowers can form a large number of seeds, in late September and a small flower.

The growing methods of Purple Flower Violet

Preparation before sowing

The conventional seeding box is 50cm long, 30cm wide and 8~10cm high, and the seedling tray can also be used. Wooden cases must be soaked before use, otherwise it is easy to cause soil separation from the box, affecting the emergence of Purpleflower Violet seedlings. Generally, 2 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of leaf rot soil and 1 part of fine sand are used for preparation of bed soil. Purple Flower Violets are screened with a sieve with aperture below LCM for reserve.Before sowing, soil disinfection should be carried out. Potassium permanganate solution spraying bed soil of 0.1%~0.3% can be used generally, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating strong seedlings and preventing diseases and insect pests of seedling period.After soil disinfection, nitro humic acid was used to adjust the pH value of the soil to about 6.0~7.0.

Seeding method

Store the collected seeds of Purple flower Violet in a dry, ventilated place. In early winter, the seeds were sown in the low temperature greenhouse of 2~8℃, the seedlings emerged in winter of the next year, and the plants were planted in the ground in spring. Seeds can also be picked in May, directly planted, and will soon germinate seedlings. Because the seed grain of Purple flower Violet is relatively small, sowing the best use of "pot bottom soaking method" will bed soil into the rice plate or shallow basin, placed in a larger container filled with water, the water from the rice plate or basin bottom upward penetration, wet the whole bed soil, and then sowing.

When sowing, the method of spreading can be adopted. The seeds of Purple flower Violet are evenly spread on the infiltrated bed soil with small seed seeders or by hand. After sowing, the fine soil screened by fine sieve is covered with the thickness of the cover to cover the seeds. In the process of seed emergence, if the soil is dry, you can continue to use the pot soaking method to supplement water. It is better to control the indoor temperature at 15~25℃ after sowing.

Seedling management

Small seedlings of Purple flower Violet out of the seedlings to strengthen management, especially to control the temperature to prevent small seedlings grow, this time the light should be sufficient, temperature control in the daytime 15℃, 8℃ ~ 10℃ at night, to keep the soil slightly dry.When the seedlings grow the first true leaf, start to separate seedlings. When the seedlings are transplanted, the root system should be extended and the bottom water should be watered thoroughly. Daytime temperature is about 20℃, the night temperature is about 15℃, can be appropriate application of decayed organic fertilizer solution to promote the growth of seedlings, when the seedlings grow to more than 5 leaves can be planted.

Engraftment

If large and medium seedlings with Purple flower Violet leaves between 15 and 20 are selected for transplanting density, it is 40 plants /m2. If medium and small seedlings with leaves between 5 and 10 are selected for transplanting, the density can be 50 plants /m2. In addition, it was found that soil transplantation was faster and the survival rate was higher than bare root transplantation.

Growth management

Purpleflower Violet is highly resistant and does not require special management during the growing season, and can be applied every 7 to 10 days during the growing season.  

The propagation methods of Purple flower Violet

Seed propagation

Purple flower Violet has small seeds and is usually raised in a dish. The bed soil generally uses 2 garden soil, 2 leaf rot soil, 1 fine sand. Before sowing, soil disinfection should be carried out. Potassium permanganate solution of 0.3% ~ 0.5% can be used to spray bed soil generally, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating strong seedlings and preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of seedling period. Covering thickness with no seed is appropriate. After sowing, control the temperature between 15℃ ~ 25℃, and the seedlings will emerge in about a week. 

Outdoor sowing

In summer, the land will be leveled and watered thoroughly, after the water seepage, the seeds will be mixed with fine sand soil, scattered to the ground, a little more fine soil to cover the seeds tightly, a week can be seedlings.

Division propagation

The green land is ploughed, applied sufficient base fertilizer, leveling, such as in spring, it will be from the seedling, Purple flower Violet in the green field, plant row spacing of 10cm, pouring water. Purple flower Violet planting time can be carried out in the growing season, but in the summer planting should pay attention to shade.

Purple flower Violet will not blossom if it is divided in the spring, but will survive if it is transplanted in the rainy season without affecting the next year's flowering. Asexual reproduction of Purple flower Violet is better in the rainy season. Under the same conditions of transplanting seedlings, small Purple flower Violet larger plants slow seedling fast, high survival rate, long green period, in the landscape greening if not special requirements at the time of the greening effect as far as possible to use small plants for greening.

Natural propagation

Purple flower Violet has a strong self-propagation ability. According to the method of dividing plants, a piece of Purple flower Violet is planted every 5m in the planned area. When the seeds are mature, they do not need to be picked, but let them fall on the wind.

Disease control of Purple flower Violet

Disease control

Purple flower Violet is a leaf spot caused by a semi-known bacterial infection. At first just a small brown dot, such as not timely treatment will produce large black spots, leaf withered yellow dye. Therefore, once found sick, we should immediately use chlorothalonil 800 times liquid, foliar spray, once every 7-8 days, 2-3 consecutive times, can be basically cured. The main insect pests of Purple flower Violet are scale insects, white whitefly, etc., can be sprayed with 40% oxidized dimethoate 1000 times to 1500 times liquid.

Pest control

Red spider endangers leaf, usable stone sulfur mixture is sprayed kill.

Purple flower Violet main value

Purple flower Violet after observation, cultivation found that the green period of Purple flower Violet, in North China generally in spring, the aboveground dead period in autumn, more than 200 days of green, Purple flower Violet has beautiful leaf shape, good ground coverage effect, long flowering, high ornamental value, strong resistance to adverse conditions, strong cold resistance and other characteristics. Purple flower Violet has high value of development, utilization and popularization.

Cover plant

For a long time, the ground covering plants in urban garden green space are mostly single lawns, which have monotonous landscape and high maintenance cost, and lawns have been regarded as luxuries in greening. The extensive management and ornamental value of Purple flower Violet rhizome flowers have attracted more and more people's attention. Such as Purple flower Violet, day lilies and carnations, stonecrop, Purple flower Violet as one of the tests show that Purple flower Violet conform to the standards of groundcover plants, perennial, low, plant effect is good, for the ground coverage art ability, simple maintenance and management, does not need mowing, often has the lawn does not have special value, and has a beautiful design and color of the flower shape, is rare in the northern hebei province early spring flowers, is a good ground cover plants of the garden. 

Landscape utility

Single planting lawn, monotonous landscape, can be planted in the lawn Purple flower Violet, as a decorated lawn, increase the ornamental effect of the lawn, for visitors to enjoy the rest, planted in the nearby garden buildings or historic sites on the slope can not only protect the slope but also set off the scenic spots; Because of the long flowering period and gorgeous colors, flower beds and flower borders can be arranged in squares and platforms. On both sides of the garden road, rockery was embellished to give a person with a kind of natural beauty. In addition, Purple Flower Violet of different colors is planted in the quiet mountain stream, roadside, embellished on the hillside lawn, to add infinite charm to the forest landscape, wild flowers and weeds everywhere, in addition to the enjoyment of beauty, but also can send out bursts of fragrance, let a person intoxicated with nature. Purple flower Violet cultivation management is simple, high survival rate, early spring lavender flowers open, summer and autumn a green, is a very good garden afforestation plants, provenance, seedling source can be close to the ground materials, less investment, high efficiency.

Dye purposes

The leaves of Purple Flower Violet can be made as a turquoise dye.

Purple Flower Violet flower language

Honest.